Tragedy & Meaning

It’s been the Easter weekend and I’ve just been reflecting on the significance of the manner by which God sent Christ to take away our sins. The lessons are deep and profound – and honestly, as a culture, we have lost the appreciation for tragedy as an important genre in literature and stories that will help us understand the world we live in. There is depth in the appreciation that Jesus did not just die in an accident but in an execution. And for crimes he did not commit, things he had not done. Every element of his trial, crucifixion, and finally death was steeped in meaning from fulfilment of scriptures.

And there is meaning in tragedy; though we may not know it yet or appreciate the lessons from there. If we fail to appreciate these and allow sufferings in life to turn us into hateful and resentful creatures, then we do not grasp that tragedy that Good Friday is getting us to remember. And the meaning of course comes, in an even deeper way on Easter.

Christ arose not to scare anyone but to give us a preview of what His death really means for us by way of eternity. And great rejoicing should come from it.

Skills and match

People underestimate the important of match quality when they overemphasise the role of passion in finding what you want to do. There’s then another camp that ignores what you want to do and just optimise for other attributes like prestige and income. These approaches do not work because they all generate misalignments; and these mismatches can eventually come back to haunt you in one way or another. Being balanced about where you can give and what you can get is key.

The techniques used today in terms of trying to match people to jobs and roles are still rather crude and this stems partly because the market on both sides has shifted without reference to each other too much. The corporate landscape and the private sector is always looking to keep up with consumer demand and new trends which means that their demand for skills tend to be not met by the structure of the current workforce. Yet because of the decades of ‘Great Moderation’, the labour force have in some sense been lauded into thinking that all the training and upskilling they need takes place in schools and formal training environment as opposed to responding, learning, facing difficulties on the job.

Today, skills matching is no longer about trying to just find the right person to fill the right roles because job preferences and skillsets are not catching up with the job roles available; and the job roles are not really aligned with the aspirations that we have created for our generations of workers. Skills-matching is really more about companies being willing to take on people with the attitude and soft-skills then investing in them. To keep doing so even when people would leave, even when that investment only seem to pay off in a limited way. For the labour force, it is about commitment to jobs and work, to also set clear goals for oneself and not just trying to ‘settle’ into a job that will take care of you perpetually.

Making impact in infrastructure

Governments build infrastructure. Well yes the private players get involved, and they might be the ones doing the actual construction, or they might even be the ones investing. Ultimately though, the government calls the shots, they approve the plans, they set the parameters and set up the policy environment which the projects operates in.

Governments measure themselves by socio-economic parameters. They should be focusing not on making money for the treasury (because there are wider externalities they care about which they won’t account for if they only think in terms of “returns” from an individual project), but on social level benefits and gains against social level costs. These quantifications are difficult; they probably require procurement of consultants’ assistance, and along the way, governments can get confused about the methodology, and hence the recommendations put forth.

So they might fall back on trying to get political value out of the projects. They’ll choose and work on projects that can capture people’s imagination, that can be repeated at the next couple of speeches or events. They might put too much weight on the anticipated political support or popularity of the project/idea.

Yet the fact is, if they want to make a genuine impact, and a positive difference to the system, they will need to do the hard work and possibly not take the credit. They need to think not what can they get out of it but what can they give to the people through it.

Dragon Fangs

The thing about Pixar (and now Disney-Pixar) movies is the depth of themes that they dwell upon.The high quality animation and the background story aside, the storytelling has been consistently brilliant. The universal appeal lies in giving the young and old, the men and women something to take away from.

I watched the latest one: Raya and the Last Dragon. I’m not going to spoil it for you but all I’d say is that the film keeps up with the contemporary times where they deliberately try to stuff it with more female characters.

For those who have watched it; and I want to confess that the thought that the land of Fang represented Singapore cross my mind. “Successful” and obsessed with their own survival (to the extent they threatened the entire land of Kumandra), Fang seem to mirror elements of being Singapore even geographically: being cut off from the rest of the land by a canal and hence protected, having insufficient land to expand.

While I really enjoyed and appreciated the lesson about trust and unity, it is hard not to reflect on Southeast Asia as a region, the diversity and the differences, the difficulties if you may, of having our own “Kumandra”. And given the political climate and the global context today, we need to create more pan-Southeast Asian literature and celebrate the diversity and fushion in the region more. Perhaps, we need to start looking for dragons.

The Strait Times

Because strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it.

Matthew 7:14, KJV

“Strait” here in the bible refers to a place or space of limited capacity (cramped) – ie. Narrow. Hence most modern English translations would say “narrow” is the gate. Hence, the word then came into modern English as meaning a thin narrow strip of water body that connects 2 larger water bodies.

The idea of “dire straits” is derived from this situation of being constrained severely. Which kind of amuses me when I think about the English daily broadsheet newspaper in Singapore. It was established in 1845 and was not that profitable, kind of bumbling along until it became a joint-stock company in 1900s. For more details, you can read up here.

What tickled me was the idea of calling the daily papers “lean times” or “cramped times” in Singapore when it was still a tiny colony though no doubt having a good standing within the British empire and politically important to say the least. Perhaps it was just the intent of those literary geniuses who kept reverting to that name despite it being changed on several ocassions.

More relevant today, I think perhaps there is a role for the mainstream media to focus more and more on local community, local topics, and sharing stories on the challenging and difficult times we live in. Channel News Asia can be left to cover the more regional/global reach, and The Straits Times can then finally live up to its name.

Distance & spaces

As Singapore supposedly switch working from home to non-default this few weeks, the experience of space starts to diminish while the experience of distance came back in place. The impact on economy, is probably going to be positive in terms of the numbers on paper. There’s going to be more activities, more spending – my lunch expenses have been rising already – and that might mean more labour is needed, and more jobs.

I no longer see distance and spaces the same way again. I feel like we should have learnt the lesson over this pandemic period and working from home that we can expand spaces by getting people to be asynchronous about things: like timing to be in office; and we can shrink distance by using more of the existing technologies: emails, calls, video conferences. We can reduce interruption by creating more boundaries.

Are we learning these lessons? Is our economy being transformed because of the pandemic? For the better: to encourage people to work smarter, live healthier and be mindful-er. Because if we don’t, we wasted a crisis and that, is a terrible thing to waste. The agglomeration driven way of growth, the real estate driven growth, they all have their limits – and we better realise that sooner than later.

Sources of Power

On the trek I had with friends recently, I was explaining that all the power sources we have on the earth (with the exception of geothermal energy and maybe nuclear energy) is from the Sun. Solar PV or Concentrated Solar Power are obvious but actually all other renewables sources relies on the sun as well.

Wind relies on temperature and hence pressure differentials and this is a result of the sun. Hydropower actually relies on the hydrological cycle where water is drawn up into the sky (by the sun through evaporation) and falls on water bodies or location which are higher altitude and hence subsequently released from the gravitation potential energy.

All biomass and of course biogas (which comes primarily from biological decomposition/digestion of organic waste) are stored energy from the sun via photosynthesis by plants. And with that, you can also see that all fossil fuels are actually stored energy from ‘historical sun’ where plants of the past performed photosynthesis and was subsequently buried, compressed and then forming our fossil fuels.

With that in mind, even as we marvel at engineering, technology and all that crazy amount of knowledge accumulation and civilisation that enabled humans to flourish the way it does today, let us acknowledge the wonders of nature that have been supplying us unceasingly. And let us recognise that it is also important for us to honour the order of our natural world, that we may continue to enjoy the fruits of the planet we live in.

Air-Conditioning spaces

Went out for a trek in the late afternoon till evening and met some middle-age couple who was doing the same trek. The lady who looked really seasoned with treking was a local guide who shared that it was good seeing young people not hanging out in shopping malls.

She mentioned that when she brings the younger kids these days out on nature walks and tours, they asked if there was going to be AC out there. This unfortunately is what we are conditioning (pun intended) our younger ones to think – that development means more covered walkways, more AC spaces, less discomfort from sweat or untidy vegetation.

Think about all the new spaces we creating in Singapore and putting AC in them: underground walkways, connectors linking MRT stations to various developments. Think about how they have been transformed; the linkways for Tanjong Pagar and most of Raffles Place MRT were not air-conditioned but for newer MRTs, they increasingly are. Then there’s more shops and real estate investments there in order to make the money to justify the capital expenditure on the AC, and the cycle continues. All of these spaces running AC are basically taking out warm air and dumping it everywhere else. The more ACs there are on our island, the hotter everywhere else will be!

And because of inefficiency of our equipments, and the second law of thermodynamics, the aggregate amount of heat in the environment will eventually be more than before installation of the ACs. This is going to be an arms race until we think of a better way to organise this city.

Why don’t we start thinking of plants and nature as “air-conditioning” and use plants or dense vegetation for shade and shelter? This will take more effort to build and maintain but we might save more material and build a place that is more sustainable, and regenerative.

Dashboards and new information

While the worlds’ cities go gaga over the whole idea of a Smart City and wow city governments over the capability to develop ‘dashboard’ views of cities, from seeing traffic jams, predicting upcoming power outages or water pipe issues, I hold a slightly different view towards the idea that assimilating lots of information is always a good thing.

I think it is important to have specific use-cases for data and to design suitable data silos for the use-cases. Mindless big data mining may generate insights retrospectively but it should not be the default way of using them. If you think that being able to respond quickly to large amount of unordered, rich information is advantageous, then think about the stock market. The people who take fewer actions with stocks tend to do better than those who are too active. Having the ticker moving constantly can be exciting and appealing – it gives that concrete sense of ‘knowledge’ or visibility of the ground.

But it is an illusion. Consider autism – it reduces a person’s ability to function by overwhelming a person’s senses. Smart cities can still be an important vision to make the lives of people in cities better. But city dashboards that shows city authorities many things at one goal and makes for a fancy place to visit do not make lives better.

Deadlines

Deadlines are apparently lines drawn around the prison where prisoners can get shot if they pass that line. That is probably the idea of that at work- pass the line and you are dead. Honestly I often wonder who really dies if you go pass the line (what is called “missing the deadline”, which sounds strange because you don’t want to be on that line if they’re going to start shooting there!)

There is another element of the idea that I wonder is transferrable. If you pass the deadline as a prisoner and you managed to not get shot, you’re free! You run as far as possible from the prison and you find a new life.

The danger of deadlines is that when we assign one to things we want to do or have to do, we kind of feel like we must do it. At least that’s what we think, but when we pass it and we don’t actually get shot, we start becoming too relaxed with ourselves. And putting a deadline to things stops us from questioning if that needs to be done at all in the grand scheme of things. It probably isn’t that effective as the one that keeps prisoners in prison. Besides, the prison has a lot of other mechanisms and the deadline is a last resort.

Rather than having deadlines, it’s better we make something really happen pass certain times. The work is no longer accepted, or no longer relevant, something else will no longer be honoured. When we think that way, we might be able to be focused on doing things that matters and for those people who can’t hold others accountable, they’ll think twice before expecting something from others.